How to Solve Assumption Conclusion Questions for Law Entrances

Assumption-conclusion questions are a vital component of law entrance exams in India. These questions evaluate your ability to identify necessary assumptions underlying a given conclusion. Mastering this skill is crucial for constructing strong legal arguments. 

In this guide, we will walk you through effective strategies to tackle assumption-conclusion questions and provide examples to illustrate each approach.

1. Grasp the Question Structure

Assumption-conclusion questions present a conclusion followed by a set of assumptions. Your task is to determine which assumption is essential for the given conclusion to be logically valid. These questions assess your capacity to identify implicit information.

2. Understand Assumptions

An assumption is an unstated premise that must be true for the conclusion to be valid. Identifying these underlying premises is the key to solving assumption-conclusion questions.

Example:

Conclusion: Implementing stricter penalties will deter corporate fraud.

Assumptions:

• Corporate fraud is a problem that needs addressing.
• Stricter penalties will be effectively enforced.

3. Identify Necessary Assumptions

Focus on assumptions that are necessary for the conclusion to be valid. Look for assumptions that fill gaps in information, connect ideas or provide context that is missing in the conclusion.

Example:

Conclusion: Introducing mandatory drug testing for employees will improve workplace safety.

Assumptions:

• Drug use among employees poses a risk to workplace safety.
• Mandatory drug testing is feasible and accurate.

4. Avoid Irrelevant Assumptions

Steer clear of assumptions that are unrelated to the conclusion. The assumptions should directly impact the logical connection between the premises and the conclusion.

Example:

Conclusion: The government should fund research in renewable energy sources.

Assumptions:

• Government funding can be allocated to various projects.
• Renewable energy sources are the only solution to energy problems.

5. Check for Contrapositives

Some assumptions might appear as contrapositives, statements that negate or reverse the given premise.

Example:

Conclusion: Students who attend all classes are more likely to perform well.

Assumptions:

• Students who don’t attend classes are less likely to perform well.
• Students who perform well attend all classes.

6. Be Wary of Extreme Assumptions

Avoid assumptions that are too extreme or go beyond the scope of the conclusion. Focus on assumptions that are reasonable and directly support the conclusion.

Example:

Conclusion: The government’s investment in education will eliminate poverty.

Assumptions:

• Education is a significant factor in reducing poverty rates.
• Poverty can be eliminated through a single investment in education.

7. Evaluate Common Sense

Use common sense to gauge the likelihood of an assumption being true. Consider whether the assumption aligns with real-world logic and the context of the conclusion.

Example:

Conclusion: Imposing stricter penalties for tax evasion will increase tax compliance.

Assumptions:

• People are more likely to comply with laws if penalties are severe.
• Tax evasion is a widespread issue.

8. Practice with Assumption Variations

Practice identifying assumptions across a range of contexts, from subtle to explicit. This practice will refine your ability to spot crucial assumptions during the exam.

Example:

Conclusion: Reducing legal fees for low-income clients will ensure access to justice.

Assumptions:

• Legal fees are a barrier to justice for low-income individuals.
• Reducing legal fees won’t affect the quality of legal services.