India and Nepal share deep-rooted historical, cultural, and geographical ties, making Nepal a significant neighbour and a priority in India’s foreign policy. Some key aspects of India-Nepal relations are:
Historical Ties
The cultural and religious ties between the two countries go back centuries, with both being the birthplaces of Buddha and having strong links to Hinduism and Buddhism.
Open Border
India and Nepal have an open border, allowing unrestricted movement of people and goods between the two countries. This has led to familial ties and cross-border marriages.
India-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship
Signed in 1950, this treaty forms the foundation of the unique ties between the two nations and covers various aspects of mutual cooperation and treatment of citizens.
Strategic Significance
Nepal’s geographical location makes it strategically significant for India’s national security. It acts as a buffer state against any potential threat from China and provides access to river systems critical for India’s hydropower potential.
Defence Cooperation
India provides assistance and training to the Nepalese Army for modernization. The Gorkha Regiments of the Indian Army are partially recruited from Nepal’s hill areas.
China’s Influence
In recent years, China has increased its influence in Nepal through investments, aid, and loans. Nepal’s participation in China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has strengthened its ties with China.
Key Projects
India and Nepal have collaborated on various projects, including hydroelectricity development, petroleum pipelines, cross-border railway lines, and trade facilitation.
India’s Assistance
India is actively involved in Nepal’s infrastructure development and aims to bring in 10,000 MW of Nepalese power.
Cultural Ties
Nepal is a popular pilgrimage destination for many Indians due to its numerous Hindu and Buddhist sacred sites.
Despite occasional differences, India and Nepal continue to work on strengthening their bilateral relations and promoting mutual cooperation in various areas. The recent visit of Nepal’s Prime Minister to India and the signing of bilateral agreements are a positive step towards further enhancing ties between the two nations.
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