Reading Comprehension – Recognising Themes

A) Direction (1-10): In each questions below, a Theme has been given followed by three passage. You have to determine which passage is based on the given theme and mark it as your option. More than one passage can be based on the given theme that is highlighted in bold.

Theme:- Chinese goods vs Indian goods.

China is upgrading/ manufacturing higher quality products than before but they are asking low prices like before. Today, china is very close to us products in terms quality. But prices still remains low. So, china will beat united states soon selling products. Just ask yourself, what is the Indian alternatives of chinese LED bulbs in diwali? While back in India, politicians are trying hard to win the seats and then how to keep the chair. They dont have any point to worry that India is the next china. Each and every politicians ignore mass job creation agenda form their to do list and all they focus after election is how to stay more time in “kursi” . Thats why India cannot be china. India cannot be neither America.

The human beings want high quality at very low price. Chinese goods do those. I bought earphones from a Chinese website and received it in a perfect condition and it’s working perfectly fine and the price is just ₹40/- and shipping is free and when you buy from an Indian website they don’t even provide you a free shipping for small goods if the product worth is 50/- the shipping charges would be 150/- seems like heavy so he will make profit from shipping. The border tensions between India and China are not hidden from the world and are now on a rise. China has always been breaking the protocols by invading into the Indian territory and claiming the parts of Arunachal Pradesh to be theirs.

Moreover, China has also occupied the parts of East Kashmir and some of the Northern Kashmir. Lately, the bus of the Kailash Mansarovar pilgrims has been stopped by Chinese border personnel. China blocked the entry of Indian pilgrims in the Tibet from the Nathu-La .pass. This act by China has enraged the Indian citizens and people have come out with banners displaying “Buycott Made in China”, “Buy Made in India” etc. saying that if Chinese army and govt. is creating trouble for India then they should stop buying Chinese goods.

1. All of the above
2. Both A & B
3. Only A
4. Both A & C
5. Both B & C

Answer: Option 2

Explanation:

In passage 1 and 2 quality and prices of the Chinese products are being compared with Indian products. but in passage 3 border disputed between China and India is highlighted. So Option 2 is correct.

Theme:- EQ vs IQ

EQ refers to Emotional Quotient which looks at the parts of emotional intelligence that can be quantified and measured and as such is hard to specify. Researchers have defined emotional intelligence as an ability or a trait or a mixture of the two.  IQ, or Intelligence Quotient, is a measure of cognitive intelligence. IQ becomes fixed and peaks around the age of 17 years of age whilst emotional intelligence is not fixed and rises steadily with age.

Empathy and Intelligence are not necessarily correlated unless dealing with specific neurological conditions. For example people with Asperger syndrome have great difficulty reading social queues but can display high levels of cognitive performance in abstract reasoning. People with high EQs tend to be regarded as very charismatic because they are able respond to non-verbal communication and queues with great efficacy.

Emotional Intelligence, or emotional quotient (EQ), is defined as an individual’s ability to identify, evaluate, control, and express emotions. People with high EQ usually make great leaders and team players because of their ability to Understand, empathize, and connect with the people around them. IQ, or intelligence quotient, is score derived from one of several standardized tests designed to assess an individual’s intelligence. IQ is used to determine academic abilities and identify individuals with off-thechart intelligence or mental challenges.

1. Both A & B
2. Both B & C
3. Only B
4. All A, B, C
5. Both A & C

Answer: Option E

Explanation:

Passage 2 elucidates the relationship between EQ and IQ whereas other two passages draws out the difference between the two.

Demonetization

The government tried to bite something impossibly gargantuan – taking 87% of the currency off in a mere 50 days in a heavily cash centric economy. And it was directly impacting its core voting constituency – small traders. Surely the BJP leaders must have been very, very nervous 7 weeks ago. It no longer looks that scary. In fact, it got off a whole Parliament session fairly easy given the chaos within the opposition with statements like army coup, earthquake and massive loot, distracting a more logical criticism

Getting the cashless payment charges to be at 0%. It is ridiculous that the banks charge for cashless transactions [that require far less handling cost than cash transactions] more than cash transactions. Cashless transactions keep more liquidity in the banks and they must thus waive all charges. Government must bring great regulations to keep it that way.Have a fiscal stimulus in rural India targeted at the poor. This is to compensate for the lower expenditures that the black money holders are doing.

Across India things have been quite orderly in the banks and elsewhere. This is the fundamental test for chaos. Of course, there are huge crowds as 15 lakh crore rupees had to be exchanged in a mere 40 long days.There have been no major riots, strikes or bandhs. This the fundamental test to gauge people’s anger.

1. Only A
2. Only C
3. Only B
4. Both A & C
5. None of these

Answer: Option E

Explanation:

Nowhere in the passage, demonetization is talked about. Hence theme cannot be detected from the given passages.

Youth in Politics (A) The educated youth don’t like to try their carrier in politics because for them its not a job opportunity for them. There is such amount of negativity spread about politics that no one likes it. As a student of political science I don’t relate myself with politics as I don’t find interest in it and it doesn’t mean that if you are a student of political science you should be interested in politics and always talk about it.

The challenge of encouraging people to participate in a democratic political process is like any other large challenge – it must be broken into its parts.  For people, the parts are individuals. Many individuals will only participate the serious discussion of their political views if they are placed in an atmosphere where they can do so without trepidation.  As shown by the work of noted political theorists, that is best done in small groups.

Students are the best category of people to cleanse the bad political system because, the age is very good. But the peers are not mature enough to guide them properly. You appreciate a food upon eating only. Indian people are yet to receive good governance for a full term. Say 5 years. Written 500 years back by Makkiyavelli that people get their leader as they  deserve. See the hue and cry for demonetizing. Had it happened in Japan?

There wouldn’t have been a murmur.

1. Only A
2. Only B
3. Only C
4. Both A & B
5. Both C & D

Answer: Option 1

Explanation:

Passage B and C talk about Students and people in general. hence Option 1 is the right answer.

Theme:- Do we really need smart cities?

To equalize urban problems is the rise of the “Smart City” concept. Around the world old cities have been retrofitted and some brand new cities are being built from greenfield, 100% planned and oriented to be smart since their first drafts plans. Developing vibrant economies such as China and India are heavily investing in cities that are forged to be models of sustainable urban life, combining the latest high-end information and communication technologies with state-of-the-art architectural design fully integrated in ubiquitous urban environments. These thrilling and dynamic projects are getting global attention and attracting talented professionals, outstanding corporations and massive investments. So, we need Smart Cities and India can deeply benefit from it.

What India currently needs is cities which are clean ,have at least better network of drainage system(the case of major cities like Mumbai in Rainy seasons), safe and efficient transport system. Make better residential areas and if not possible improve them. Therefore first cities should be made better before making them smart.

India is a developing country and the Modi government is trying its best to develop India into a powerful nation. Introducing the concept of smart cities in India is a great idea but due to increasing poverty rate, lack of infrastructure and basic amenities, the cities might have to face a lot of challenges. Before initiating the project, the government should try to attend  to the basic issues of the nation such as implementing a proper drainage system, providing good water, sanitation and health care facilities etc.

1. Only A
2. Only B
3. Both B&C
4. Both A&C
5. Only C

Answer: Option 1

Explanation: 

Passage B says about improvement in the prevailing conditions whereas passage 3 did not provide us with any specific conclusion. hence Option 1 is Correct.

Theme:- Relation between Innovation and Entrepreneurship

Companies and enterprises keep innovation as part of their organization. Innovations contribute to the success of the company. Entrepreneur, as innovators, see not just one solution to a need. They keep coming up with ideas and do not settle until they come up with multiple solutions. Innovation is extremely important that companies often see their employees’ creativity as a solution. They come up with seminars and trainings to keep their employees stimulated to create something useful for others and in turn, financial gain for the company

Entrepreneurship covers down a lot more meaning than innovation, and innovating something requires typical knowledge and depth about a particular field. When it comes to Entrepreneurship we need to indulge our depth about the subject, shaping in a way so that common people would be helpful or would understand, hence implementing an innovation to a practical zone and giving this an impact to the society around us is partially called entrepreneurship. It does not necessarily mean what we display in our product has to be innovated rather it has to be new, unique and efficient.

Innovation is one of the main quality for entrepreneurship. Person engaged in same business over the years means that this person have no  entrepreneurship qualities. Bringing innovation add values to his/her business. Innovation means doing something new or doing same thing in different way. Yes, innovation is the ultimate instrument for entrepreneurs.

1. Only A
2. Both B & C
3. Only B
4. All A, B & C
5. Both A & C

Answer– Option E

Explanation:

Passage A talks about the importance of innovation in Entrepreneurship. Hence E is correct.

Theme:- Love or Money

On one hand, money gives more opportunities in life as well as stability (and a heightened chance in meeting your love given the option to travel is easier, assuming you mean the romantic kind of love). Plus it allows you to give a comfortable life for family (and other loved ones) especially when they end up in a condition that leaves them too frail to fend for themselves. But if you mean choosing between having a lonely sad life with loads money or a life full of love without much money, I’d definitely choose love. By love I mean encompassing familial love, friendship and romantic. While

I do know that if the money situation is so bad, it’ll be extremely difficult to live… I still cannot imagine wanting to live life in the 1st place without love

Love is what we all need.Humans are social animals – we cannot stay without being loved and cared for. Love can solve and resolve all the hate in the world and all the discrimination which happens between people.

Love can not survive on empty stomachs. Have you ever seen a girl saying, “mere sapno ka majdoor aayega”. It is always “Mere sapno ka RAJKUMAR aayega”.Besides, I think love is a 20th century phenomenon for masses built on the heavy dose of literature, movies and TV.

1. Both A &B
2. Only C
3. Only A
4. Both B&C
5. None of these

Answer – Option 2

Explanation:

Passage B clearly concludes love is everything – but doesn’t talk about money. In passage A we are unable to draw out any conclusion. In passage C, the tone of the passage can be concluded from the opening lines.

Theme:- Congress vs BJP

Congress is Family Based, BJP is Organisation and party based. Congress has Rahul Gandhi, BJP had Modi.

In congress qualified people can take decisions for example they wasted the quality of Manmohan Singh in 10 years that every file has to go to Congress head quarter Sonia which has no constitutional right to even look into those files, In case of BJP qualified people are set free to perform Suresh Prabhu, Manohar parikar, Sushma Swaraj, Piush goyel and others many examples exists.

Both parties do good work for the progress of the nation and lose track along the way and this is only human. So we need to keep them in check without any bias towards any party.

1. Only C
2. Both A &B
3. Both A&C
4. All of these
5. None of these

Answer – Option 2

Theme:- Romans vs Greeks

Roman mythology has its roots and origins in the Greek pantheon of gods. Zeus became Jupiter, Hades became Pluto, and Poseidon became Neptune. Along with giving these Pagan Gods Latin names, the inherent characteristics of the gods remained the same. The myths were adapted to a more Roman setting etc. When a particular empire is conquered, the culture is conquered as well. This is what most scholars call cultural appropriation. However, the Pagan system went out of vogue, when Constantine I decided to convert the Roman Empire to the Holy Roman Empire, essentially signalling the adoption of Christianity as the Official religion

Greeks worshiped the 12 Gods. When Christianity spread to Greece and the Eastern Roman Empire, around 350AD, it became punishable by death to practice the ancient religion. Hence to avoided persecution Greeks stopped calling themselves “Hellenes” as it had pagan connotations and began using the term Romanoi (citizens of the (Byzantine/Roman Empire). The Greek Orthodox Church continued to reject the word Hellene and fear the legacy of ancient Greece until the 1700

Legions were more flexible because rather than fighting as a single homogenous unit -like we suppose the hoplites did- they were divided in subgroups (maniples, cohorts, centuries) which enjoyed a certain degree of tactical/strategic autonomy. So one group of legionaries would engage the hoplites from the front while another would attack on of their flanks, to give an example. A) Only A

1. Only B
2. Only C
3. both A & B
4. both B & C

Answer – Option 1 

Theme:- Are engineers better than doctors?

Engineers are smarter. Not only do they have to know the computer science and engineering aspect, they have to know the aspect in which they work in.

Engineers are more creative. Things that they’re working on are

 changing all the time whereas doctors only work on a human body which have not been changing for hundreds if not thousands years. He said that we hadn’t had more bones and our body parts hadn’t changed their functions, so that the body was like a fix object for doctors to study and work on. But in the technical world, everything was changing from time to time which was stuffer for engineers. So you should be proud to be/will be an engineer!

Initially a doctor’s  earning will be lesser than an engineer.Once the doctor gets fame, he is unbeatable.Engineers cannot work after a certain age.But a doctor has no such constraints. As many answers rightly point out, doctors get a hefty amount for consultation and they own the medical shops too.Hence doctor will definitely earn more than an engineer in the long run A) Only A

1. Only B
2. Only C
3. Both A&B
4. Both B&C

Answer Option 2

Explanation:

Passage A doesn’t mention about doctor and Passage 3 talks about earning of Doctor and engineer.

B) Direction (1-10): In each questions below, a Theme has been given followed by three passage. You have to determine which passage is NOT based on the given theme and mark it as your option. More than one passage can be based or not based on the given theme that is highlighted in bold.

Activist vs politicians: a comparison.

An activist is someone who organizes and acts for the purpose of

 changing a public policy or law. A politician is someone who seeks election to a public office on behalf of a general ideology and/or a specific agenda on which they promise to act.

Activists can and often do act in ways they know will provoke law enforcement and might even lead to an arrest. Martin Luther King Jr.’s letter from a Birmingham jail would have had little impact if the letter had been mailed from a Holiday Inn. Sadly, today’s cell phone videos are a pale imitation of the eloquence of King’s written words.

A politician must compromise to get results. A good activist must be uncompromising and does not have to worry about offending large numbers of people by using language that is strident. Such stridency can increase the odds that the activist will gain the public’s attention

1. Only A
2. Only B
3. Both A and B
4. Both A and C
5. None.

Answer Option 2

Explanation:

Nothing is being told about politicians in B

Bhagvad Gita or Bible

Discount Bhagvadgita from any comparison as it is not teaching just Humanity. In fact it is meant for all animate-all living things. It does not have only Human-Homo sapiens as the subject Matter. Its true meaning is known only to Yogis like Jesus, Shamacharan Lahiri, Swami Yogananda, Swami Shivananda etc for example who have attained salvation and have come out of the Chakravhyvha (Birth & Death Trap).

Was the Hindu God personal or impersonal? If Hare Krishna worshipers are asked to detach from the physical world and from ‘happiness or distress, loss or gain, victory or defeat’ then does this also include human relationships? Or even relationship with God? The Temple Leader confirmed that relationship with God was very important to the followers of Krishna, but this was not true of a great many Hindus. On the other hand, on  the grounds of bible, Jesus is very personal. He came to earth once as one man, a personality that can be known and relied upon.

If you are human, and I think you are, then you already know a lot about being human. You are aware of what it feels like. You know what feels good and what creeps you out. You have imagination and reason. You have grown up surrounded by human beings and you have a pretty good idea what that involves. You can tell stories, build machines, navigate your surroundings using your understanding of natural laws. You learnt all this without the Bible, the Koran or the Bhagavad Gita.

1. Only B
2. Only A and C
3. Only C
4. All of these.
5. None.

Answer Option 2

Explanation:

In A and C,the importance is given to the Bhagvad only.

Who is better: Kohli or Dhoni?

When it comes to handling tough and harsh situation virat has not delivered his best as a captain , champions trophy final was a perfect example. He did not tried anything different to break the partnership and to stop Fakhar. As we all are aware from dhoni’s unorthodox style as he always compells his opposition to think ,by his unexpected decisions and it lacks in virat. Dhoni reads situations much faster.

Kohli is not as calm as Dhoni. Not even half as composed as Dhoni. Many people find Kohli abusive, unwantedly aggressive. But what Kohli succeeded in doing is, he successfully built the habit of ‘Winning the game’ in every Indian player. He is leading the team from the front, and being an example of, How to tackle pressure situation, How to strongly come back to the game even though chances are lean. He is successful in motivating every player, bringing the best version of every player

Dhoni took over the captaincy when Indian cricket was facing a rough patch. The Indian Team got eliminated in the group stage of the World Cup,and the newly made T20 version of it was about to come. The Seniors opted out of it,So the selectors gave an inexperienced Dhoni the captaincy burden. He had to captain an very young Indian Team with Virendar Sehwag being the only other who had played significant amount of cricket.

1. Only A
2. Only B
3. Only C
4. All of these
5. None.

Answer Option 3

True or false: happy wife, happy life

You wife is definitely an integral part of your life, and your future; however, life is too big to expect everything for one person. Rather, you make your life, your life which includes your family, stability of your household, stability of your parents and in-laws, stabilise your profession and make sure it is enough to keep your monetary balance without taking chunks away from personal life, and your wife will be “rock and roll”, because she is also being the part of the same happiness!

A happy wife is very relaxed and comfortable in her married life. She does not have any misgivings about her husband. She is demonstrated love which she adores. She is listened to which makes her feel great. She is respected which makes her feel wanted and worthwhile. So she takes care of her husband more. She never nags him- the number one aspect a man hates about his wife.

I think a that having your wife be happy (assuming you have a wife!) is a necessary, but not sufficient condition for you own happiness. On the flip side, if you are unhappy and your wife isn’t then that is indicative of a different kind of problem.

1. Only A
2. Only B
3. Only C
4. All of the above
5. None of these.

Answer Option E

Explanation:

Para A says, wife is important but not so much that husband would depend only on her. so conclusion: false. likewise, other paragraphs do conclude the statement. so E is the right option.

Dream vs passion

Dream is your vision about the goal that is deep seated in your brain. Passion is doing something which you love to do again and again with ease and without tiresome. Dream may at times be fantasy, but passion is always realistic.

Dream is something you want to be. Or if your relating to the phenomenon, it’s the image or vision that is created in your mind, conciously or sub consiously. Passion is something you love doing, irrespective of whether you get paid for it or not. It doesn’t have a goal it is pure satisfaction. Having passion for something simply me you would do it and continue to do it irrespective of return, because it eventually satisfies you.

Passion is doing something which you love doing again and again with ease and without getting bored. They are real, passion gives you inner peace. In simple words Passion is something which you enjoy doing. You don’t overthink about your passion. For example – Singing, Drawing, Dancing Playing Chess, Photography, etc.

1. Both A and B
2. Only A
3. All except C
4. Only C
5. None.

Answer Option 4

Which is harder: physics or chemistry?

In physics, there are a half dozen basic equations that everything else follows from, and most of your time is spent learning the mathematics and standard tricks of how to unpack those equations and apply them to specific problems. While chemistry in principle follows from the same basic principles, in practice it’s too hard to predict most chemical behavior from the fundamental equations, so you have to learn lots of rules of thumb, heuristics, higher-level concepts that help make the behavior more predictable.

In the pyramidal learning paradigm, you start out by teaching your students very simple tasks, and there are a lot of them, so the repetition helps the learning process through memorization. As the problems become more & more complex, they shrink in number so that by the time you reach the top plateau of the problem difficulty, the number is very small, but the amount of operations contained within each problem is quite large. Some common examples of this paradigm of learning are languages, mathematics, & notably chemistry.

Chemistry at school level is mostly about learning facts; you’ll learn things about various chemicals and reactions, and apply some of that knowledge to some slightly new things. Physics on the other hand, doesn’t actually require you to memorise much. If you understand what’s going on, you’ll almost certainly be able to solve and problem thrown at you.

1. Both A and B
2. Only B
3. Both A and C
4. Only C
5. None

Answer Option 2

BSE vs NSE A. BSE’s index is known by the name SENSEX (Sensitive Index) which shows 30 top trading companies. Nifty (National Fifty) is the index of NSE, displays 50 most traded companies.

Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange both played a

 vital role in the reformation of Capital Market of India. Millions of investors and brokers transact on a daily basis through these trade exchanges. Both the stock exchanges are located in Mumbai, Maharashtra as well as recognised by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).

Globally, BSE stood in the 10th position in the list of top stock exchanges which is followed by NSE.NSE was the first to introduce the modernised trading system in the country in 1992 while BOLT was introduced by BSE in 1995.

1. Only A
2. Only B
3. Only C
4. All of the Above
5. None.

Answer Option 2

Antivirus & firewall: a comparison

A properly configured firewall can minimize damage caused by spyware by blocking unauthorized access, while antivirus is a software application used for the prevention, detection, and removal of malicious software, including computer viruses, trojan horses, spyware, and adware.

An antivirus is an afterward security approach. An antivirus will detect malware with signatures which are edited by anti-virus R & D team. This approach is most notably between 24 and one week late relative to the malware date of appearance. In some cases anti-virus signatures took months to be worldwide broadcasted.

An antivirus will usually recognize a file’s binary signature (roughly speaking, “it contains a byte sequence that’s typical of XYZ virus”). For greater protection, many antiviruses are able to check system operation and block suspicious activity patterns (e.g., “this process is trying to write to a system file!”). A firewall could be considered a different implementation of the same “recognition” concept: instead of file systems, it can monitor network traffic and recognize both binary signatures and activity patterns, and block or allow, say, Web connections that start with GET or POST, but  not CONNECT, or connections to services (such as Web) but not mail, unless your IP address matches the CEO office, and so on and so forth.

1. Only A
2. Both B and C
3. Only B
4. Both A and C
5. None.

Answer Option 3

Do sisters need protection?

Rakhi is a festival based on a predominantly patriarchal social order, like some other Indian festivals. I think this was the dilemma in the minds of my parents, when they pretended that this festival was not as important as some others. Being a part of an extended traditional Punjabi family, my parents have followed this custom with my father’s sisters but always kind of underplayed it for us.

Festivals are celebrated in India both because of the underlying beliefs — which I am, in at least some cases, assuming the modern generation is fast forgetting — and they are also celebrated for the sheer fun of it

Every festival is a special day of meeting the larger family, eating good food, wearing new clothes, bonding with each other and participating in the community. It is difficult to ignore these festivals. But it is not worth brooding over the irrelevant and irrational reasons why some of them are celebrated

1. Only A
2. Only B
3. Only C
4. All of the Above
5. None

Answer

Which is better: lakme or Maybelline?

Lakme is a brand I really love since it has some of the best cosmetic products at such a cheap price that is the best reason for purchase it, when we use is I think no need to worry about side effect. Like I simply love Lakme Liquid Foundation, Color Crush and many more.

Most of us are confused between the Maybelline Colossal Kajal and

Lakme Eyeconic kajal. Lakme played it smart by recently launching the Eyeconic kajal which is quite identical to the Colossal Kajal . Yes , the packaging is extremely attractive and the price is pocket-friendly . C. Both the brands are equally good on the quality and are my favourite. Now Lakme has also started to launch new products every now and then and gives a huge range and variety to choose from just like maybelline. But one thing i think is better in Lakme is that most of its shades whether it is a lipstick or a blush or even a foundation. All are suitable for Indian skin tone. Most of the products of Lakme will be warm tones and will suit every indian girl..they have very few cool tone products

1. Both B and C
2. Only A
3. Both A and B
4. Only B
5. None

Answer Option 2